Having spent the first three years of their existence playing regional football in the Norfolk & Suffolk League, Norwich City moved up into a national competition for the 1905-06 season by joining the Southern League. The change was brought about because the Citizens were deemed to be a professional club.
It was during the early part of the 1904-05 season that suspicions were raised that City had been in breach of FA rules regarding payments to players and inducements to others already representing rival football clubs. A Football Association commission was set up to investigate (Lowestoft incidentally were subjected to the same examination) and on the final day of 1904, Norwich City were found to be professional. It was a time of potential turmoil, but the directors came out fighting over the following few days. A meeting was called and it was decided the club should continue as a professional outfit and strive to build a successful team to compete at that level. Lowestoft meantime were also found guilty, but significantly they decided to pay a fine and revert to amateurism.
Whilst the city of Norwich found itself at the centre of some sporting scandal, it should be said there was no great or lasting stigma attached to the event. These were still the pioneer days of organised football in England, but money had been involved in the game for a while. Clubs had to choose between a professional or amateur existence, and there was, inevitably, a period of time when the two paths crossed. The resolve of the City directors is interesting. There is no record that anything other than a move to the paid game was considered. It can reasonably be assumed that this was the plan from day one, but that a good playing base was needed before such a move was viable. It is probable that they knew they were breaking regulations and would be caught sooner or later, the only disappointment perhaps being they would maybe have liked just a little more time getting established before it all came out.
Robert Webster and Joseph Nutchey, the founders of the club, and director Arthur Turner were all immediately suspended for the misdemeanours, and it was left to Robert Collinson to move into the position of Chairman. Thankfully, the Norfolk & Suffolk League did not expel Norwich City from their competition - the Citizens duly completed the campaign, finishing as champions and securing their first ever trophy.
Behind the scenes, it was essential that a new league was found, and it had to be the Southern League if the club was going to progress. It should be stressed that in 1905, the Southern League was not far behind the Football League in terms of standard. But it was certainly no foregone conclusion that Norwich would be accepted into the competition. Geography was an issue - although train travel was widely available, many clubs would not have wanted long trips up to Norfolk. However, there were, thankfully, Southern League committee members who wanted to see their tournament extended into East Anglia, and so a lobbying process began, with Norwich City Football Club keen to sell themselves and the city as a whole in a favourable light. Officials from the league were invited to visit, and they were suitably looked after - wined and dined and invited to attend a friendly at Newmarket Road in April against Woolwich Arsenal, where the City underdogs pulled off a 2-1 victory against their Football League rivals.
A good impression was therefore set, but inclusion into the Southern League could only come about by being elected by the member clubs. The Citizens faced stiff competition as only two places were available in Division One. Luton Town were seeking re-election. Chelsea had long been considered favourites and most suitable for acceptance, given the influence of London sides. However, and thankfully for Norwich, they did not apply, choosing instead to attempt entry into the Football League, which they achieved. Clapton Orient also got into the Football League which meant it was between Luton Town, Norwich City, Crystal Palace, Leyton and Grays United. In the event, Luton were duly re-elected with 31 votes. And Norwich City secured second place with 21. Only one other club received any votes at all - Crystal Palace with 18. The team that dropped out of the league were Wellingborough Redwell, who had finished bottom of the league.
So, on the 30th of May 1905, City were elected to the Southern League as a fully fledged professional team. It was a joyous occasion. Webster, Nutchey and Turner were re-instated and the first ever manager was appointed, John Bowman from Queens Park Rangers (Turner taking on the role of his assistant). A new team was put together, with the club now free to approach players and negotiate wages for the first time. And the expectancy of seeing the likes of Tottenham Hotspur, West Ham, Southampton and Fulham, to name just a few, visiting Newmarket Road was undoubtedly hugely exciting for the growing fanbase.
The first ever Norwich City Southern League fixture was on the 2nd of September 1905 away at Plymouth Argyle. Captained by Jimmy McEwen, they lost 2-0. The first home match came a week later, a 1-1 draw with Southampton. It went on to be a good season for Norwich - they finished seventh out of eighteen teams, the highest they would ever achieve in the competition. A full record of final placings is as follows :
1905-06 - 7th
1906-07 - 8th
1907-08 - 16th
1908-09 - 19th
1909-10 - 17th
1910-11 - 10th
1911-12 - 12th
1912-13 - 18th
1913-14 - 14th
1914-15 - 13th
1919-20 - 12th
overall record :
P424
W135
D124
L165
F558
A610
PTS 394
Whilst it would be fair to say City hardly set the world alight during this period, their time in the Southern League did enable the city to enjoy the very best standard of football available. The club became established and picked up a growing reputation as FA Cup giant killers when they came up against Football League teams. Regrettably, the club ran into financial difficulties during World War One and was wound up, only to be resurrected again soon after the war finished. A single post war season was played in 1919-20, before almost the entire division were invited to form a third division of the Football League. Norwich City's last Southern League appearance as far as the first team was concerned came on the 1st of May 1920, a 1-0 defeat at QPR. Jock Mackenzie played the most games - 186, and Davie Ross scored the most goals - 36.
Norwich did continue to play in the Southern League after 1920 by entering a Reserves side as a number of clubs did once they had joined the Football League. Twice the Canaries finished as champions - in 1932-33 and 1934-35.
The Southern League was formed in 1894, after numerous failed attempts to establish credible competition to the professional Football League which comprised entirely of northern and midland based clubs. The early initiatives largely failed due to the amateur/professional divide (which was much larger in the south than it ever was in the north) and the influence of the London Football Association. In 1890, Charlie Bambrige, who had played football for England, tried to get a venture off the ground. However, many of the organised teams of the day revolved around public schools, and the old boys' network were stoutly against any notion that money should be paid for playing football. Having said that, the vote taken on whether a Southern League should proceed was only narrowly defeated by 47 votes to 46.
Woolwich Arsenal were next to try, in 1891. They had already turned professional by this time and had duly been expelled from the London FA as a result. But again amateur clubs were loathe to be seen mixing with the professionals and feared the same punishment as Woolwich Arsenal, who, once it became obvious that a Southern League was not going to happen, went off to join the Football League instead.
Finally, the time was right for such a venture to be launched, with Millwall Athletic (who we know today as Millwall) the main instigators. The league would include both amateurs and professionals. And so, in 1893, clubs were invited to meetings, and the Southern League was formed for the 1894-95 season. The enthusiasm was such that two divisions had to be made. The first consisted of Chatham, Clapton, Ilford, Luton Town, Millwall Athletic, Reading, Royal Ordnance Factories, Swindon Town, and the 2nd Scots Guards, although they dropped out before a ball was kicked and were replaced with Southampton St Mary's. The teams placed in the Second Division were Bromley, Chesham, Maidenhead, New Brompton (now Gillingham), Old St Stephen's, Sheppey United, and Uxbridge. The first Southern League champions were Millwall Athletic.
By the early twentieth century, Southern League teams were excelling in the FA Cup, Tottenham Hotspur winning it in 1901 and Southampton getting to the finals of 1900 and 1902. In 1907, Yorkshire based Bradford Park Avenue were admitted to the league ! After 1920, the league format changed, firstly into English and Welsh sections, then from 1923-24 eastern and western sections. The Southern League still exists today with a Premier League and two regionalised First Divisions and is placed at levels seven and eight of the English football pyramid. It is presently called the Zamaretto Football League, with the cup competition called the Red Insure Cup. Current league champions are Farnborough.
For details of the Norwich City Reserves championship winning seasons and the final league placings throughout history, click on the Southern League section in Site Navigation, in the sidebar.
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